This workshop explores the contribution of businesses and banks to the debates about Europe’s Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) from the 1960s to the 1990s. While there is an increasing number of studies on business and European integration, the role and involvement of businesses in the making of EMU remain little researched. Business history mostly focuses on business attitudes to European integration in general, as well as businesses’ reaction to European integration and the adaptation of corporate strategies. Most studies look at the history of the Single Market neglecting economic and monetary coordination.
This workshop overcomes the division for business and financial history by including banks in the umbrella term of ‘business’. In doing so, the workshop thus proposes to further connect business and financial history with European integration history. Were businesses and banks supportive, indifferent to, or against EMU, and why? Did they share the same attitudes, concerns, and objectives? What was their actual contribution to policy discussions, and did they participate through lobbying broadly speaking, or the co-production of norms? How did they try to coordinate their views to increase their influence? Did they push for proposals that were alternative to those being designed among governments? And what challenges does the influence of businesses and banks raise in terms of democratic legitimacy? Answers to these questions are likely to reveal just how diverse, complex, and multi-faceted the debates were around economic and monetary integration in Europe. They equally open new lines of economic historical research on the power of non-state actors to shape intergovernmental macro-economic coordination.
Image source: Nicola di Gioia collection / HAEU, NDG-198 and 223